Uttarakhand becomes first Indian state to enforce Uniform Civil Code

Uttarakhand makes history by implementing Uniform Civil Code

Uttarakhand has made history by becoming the first state in India to implement the Uniform Civil Code (UCC), effective from January 27, 2025. The UCC establishes a standardized legal framework for marriage, divorce, succession, and inheritance, which applies equally to all residents regardless of religion, except for scheduled tribes, which will retain their traditional customs.

Key highlights of the UCC implementation

Scope of the law

• The UCC mandates the registration of all marriages and live-in relationships.
• It applies uniformly to all citizens in Uttarakhand, irrespective of caste or religion.
• Scheduled tribes are exempt from the UCC and will continue to be governed by their customary laws.

Preparation for enforcement

• Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami confirmed the completion of necessary preparations, including official training and the approval of rules.
• The implementation aligns with the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) electoral promise during the 2022 Uttarakhand Assembly elections, which secured the party a second consecutive term.

The objective of the UCC

• The UCC aims to promote equality by eliminating disparities in personal laws based on caste, religion, and gender.
• It seeks to ensure gender justice and a uniform application of civil laws across the state.

Public reactions and implications

The implementation of the UCC has elicited diverse reactions:

• Supporters: Advocate that the law fosters equality and gender justice, marking a progressive step toward uniformity in civil rights.
• Critics: Express concerns over the potential impact on cultural and religious practices, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of minority rights.

As the first state in India to adopt the UCC, Uttarakhand’s initiative will serve as a benchmark for other states contemplating similar reforms. The move is expected to trigger nationwide discussions on the feasibility and impact of a uniform civil code across India.

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